Evolution of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Management: Review Article

Acute pulmonary emboli are a major cause of morbidity and mortality and require prompt evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. To date, anticoagulation using Low molecular weight heparin or Non-Vitamin K oral anticoagulants has been the mainstay of treatment in the subset of patients in whom PE does not compromise hemodynamics. On the other hand however, patients with massive PE and shock, thrombolytic therapy is necessary. This raises the question whether ultrasound assisted catheter directed thrombolytic delivery might be superior to systemic administration. This review article aims to consolidate recent literature to help achieve a better understanding towards the utility of catheter directed therapy.